Sizing and process of producing same.



UNITED STATES Patented September 22, 1903.

PATENT OF ICE.

ANDREW A. DUNI-IAM, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO OAsEIN COMPANY OFAMERICA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

SlZlNGAND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 739,657, datedSeptember 22, 1903.

Application filed December 29, 1902;

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, ANDR W A. DUNHAM, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented. or discovered certain new and useful Improvements inGlues or Sizing Compositions and Processes of Pro ducing Same, of whichthe following is a specification.

It is well known that casein has for many years been used as asubstitute for animal glue in sizing paper, 820., and in jointing woodin the manufacture of veneers, &c. To an extent casein is very Welladapted .for these purposes; but it has some serious disadvantages. Itis Well known that animal glue after being dissolved and again dried orbefore it is dissolved softens when heated either by steam or by hotair. This is not true of casein, and owing to that fact it is impossibleto utilize it in certain industries-for instance, in the sizing ofcarpets and also in the sizing of felt, which is used in the manufactureof hats. In these industries it is very essential that after the sizingis dry it should soften when heated.

The object of this invention is to produce a casein composition whichhas the property of softening or melting when heated by hot air orsteam. I have discovered that by adding to the ordinary dry commercialcasein a small percentage of animal glue I obtain a product which hasthe above-named properties. I find, however, that by merely making amechanical mixture of casein and glue I do not obtain the desiredresults, owing to the fact that the glue does not dissolve as quickly asdoes the casein, and therefore a separation takes place while themixture is being heated with water. To overcome this difliculty, I addto the Ordinary dry commercial casein, which is preferaby ground toabout forty mesh, a hot solution of animal glue in water. This mixtureof dissolved glue and casein is agitated by any suitable means untilthey are thoroughly mixed. The casein being very hygroscopic readilytakes up the hot solution of glue and forms a perfect union. As soon asa perfect mixture is formed it is taken from the mixer and spread ontrays and allowed to dry by any suitable means.

This mixture while hot is somewhat sticky; but as soon as it has cooledit feels nearly Serial No. 137,000. (No specimens.)

dry, and the lumps which form crumble Very easily in the hands, thusmaking it a very simple matter to handle the mixture.

In carrying out this process I prefer to use the following proportions,although I do not limit myself to these proportions, as they may bevaried without materially affecting the product: To five hundred partsof finelyg'round ordinary commercial casein I add fifty parts of animalglue dissolved in two hundred parts of water. (By animal glue I mean theordinary bone, hide, or fish glue which are commonly on the market.) Bythis process I am able to produce a product which has the appearance ofcasein, and the glue is not at all noticeable, owing to the fact that itis entirely absorbed by the particles of casein. I find that thisproduct has many advantages over either casein or glue as a sizing andwhen heated softens sufficiently for the sizing of felts and carpets.

oughly incorporated with or absorbed by the casein, and finally dryingthe mixture, substantially as set forth.

3. The herein-described process for producing a glue or sizingcomposition, consisting in mixing a hot solution of animal glue with drygranular or broken casein, stirring the mixture until the glue solutionbecomes thoroughly incorporated with or absorbed by the casein, and.finally drying-the mixture,

- substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW A. DUNHA-M.

Witnesses:

L. H. BARNETT, A. L. ST. JOHNS.

